Galeazzi Fracture
Other Known Aliases – none
Definition – fracture of the distal third of the radius with dislocation at the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) often seen after a FOOSH with the forearm in pronation
Clinical Significance – Due to the dual injury mechanism, there is a higher than normal risk fo compartment syndrome and nerve injury seen with this injury, specifically the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN). This can lead to to inability to make the “OK” sign with the thumb and index finger. Patients may also present with wrist drop due to injury of the radial nerve. Often described with Monteggia fractures due to the similar, but opposite injury patterns.
History – Named after Ricardo Galeazzi (1866-1952), an Italian orthopaedic surgeon who received his medical doctorate from the Turin Medical School in 1886. His career would primarily focus on pediatrics making advancements in the understanding in congenital hip dysplasia, scoliosis, and achondroplasia after being appointed Director of the Pius Institute for Crippled Children in 1903, and going on to direct the orthopaedic clinic of the University of Milan for 35 years. He would publish his experience of 18 cases bearing his name in 1935, but it should be noted that it was first published in 1842 by Sir Astley Cooper.
References
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- Bartolucci S, Forbis P. Stedman’s Medical Eponyms. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD; LWW. 2005.
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- Whonamedit – dictionary of medical eponyms. http://www.whonamedit.com
- Up To Date. www.uptodate.com
- Galeazzi R. Archivio di ortopedia pubblicazione ufficiale del Pio istituto dei rachitici. Istituto ortopedico Gaetano Pini. 1935. [link]
- SCAGLIETTI O. Riccardo Galeazzi, 1866-1952. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1953; 35-B(4):679-80. [pubmed]
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